Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) is a surgical procedure also known as prostate resection. During the surgery, the inside part of the prostate gland is removed for the treatment of patients who suffer from benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), a disease consistent with an enlarged prostate. The majority of men suffer from an enlarged prostate as they get old, but the reasons for it are not fully understood. The disease is not cancerous and does not increase the risk for prostate cancer.